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The measures table (pellucid.measures) stores the specifications for the various measures for which Pellucid captures data values. These include indicators of cost, quality and experience used to measure the numeric values found in the 'entity_values' table. The measures table primary key is the the measures.measure_id; the the measures.author_id is a foreign key which links the measure to the 'measure_authors' table.
Measures may appear to be duplicated where there are two sources for the same measure data, or where measures have been versioned. In each case, a new new measures.measure ID_id is created. For examples SCIP measures are captured from national CMS data but also captured from local sources that are one quarter more current. The measures are exactly the same, but the collection process differs as does the reporting period, therefore a new measure is created.
Measures is not restricted to traditional quality measures. For example, in Pellucid "bed count" is a measure. Measures are classified into measure domains.
Measures that are replaced by newer versions, such as PN-5, PN-5a and PN-5b. While these measures could be grouped under "timely antibiotic" and displayed as one continuous measure, Pellucid considers them three distinct measures; grouping or contiguity must be performed at the local application level after retrieval from Pellucid.
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| field | type | attributes | notes | example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| measures.measure_id | int(11) | NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT | provided by Pellucid | 123456 |
| measure_authors.author_id | int(11) | DEFAULT NULL | Who wrote this measure? If a measure is edited or changed in any way from an original spec, a new measure is created and the editor is listed as the author. | 123456 |
| measures.parent_id | int(11) | DEFAULT NULL | Reserved for future relationship mapping | 123456 |
| measures.name_friendly | text | DEFAULT NULL | Consumer-friendly name of the measure | Aspirin on Arrival |
| measures.name_official | text | DEFAULT NULL | The author's name for the measure | AMI-1 Aspirin at Arrival--Hospital |
| measures.name_internal | text | DEFAULT NULL | Pellucid's internal name, often the exact same as name_official. Used primarily for disambiguation where multiple measures share an official name or are similar. | AMI-1 Aspirin at Arrival--Hospital |
| measures.description_friendly | text | DEFAULT NULL | Friendly description of what this measure measures. | Heart attack patients who received aspirin within 24 hours before or after arriving at hospital |
| measures.description_official | text | DEFAULT NULL | Official measure description from the author. | Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients without aspirin contraindications who received aspirin within 24 hours before or after hospital arrival |
| measures.author_measure_id | text | DEFAULT NULL | If the author uses unique measure ids, capture it here. | AMI-1 |
| measures.author_measure_specs | text | DEFAULT NULL | Local file reference to the measure specifications for this measure. | ami-1.pdf |
| measures.rationale_long | text | DEFAULT NULL | Usually gleaned from the measure spec, this rationale is intended for researchers and clinicians. | The early use of aspirin in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) results in a significant reduction in adverse events and subsequent mortality. Aspirin therapy provides a percent reduction in mortality that is comparable to thrombolytic therapy and the combination provides additive benefit for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (ISIS-2, 1988) and is also effective in patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (Theroux, 1988 and RISC Group, 1990). National guidelines strongly recommend early aspirin for patients hospitalized with AMI (Antman, 2004). |
| measures.rationale_friendly | text | DEFAULT NULL | A consumer-friendly rationale for improving and/or reporting the measure. | When hospitals follow proven guidelines, patients get better and safer care and, in this case, that can mean fewer people die from their heart attacks. |
| measures.evidence | enum('more is better','less is better','no evidence','no difference','within_range_is_better') | NOT NULL DEFAULT 'no evidence' | For every measure Pellucid knows if there is literature-based evidence that moving the numbers for this measure in either direction is favourable, or if the evidence has shown the measure to be inconsequential.
| more is better |
| measures.measure_type | enum('process','outcome','access','experience','utilization','structure','population') | DEFAULT NULL | Defines the kind of measure used. Corresponds to the NQMC measure domains. | process |
| measures.default_unit | enum('percent','per 1000','per 100000','cases','ratio','days','hours','patients','dollars','na','minutes','people','square miles','years','households','per 100','per 10000','micrograms') | DEFAULT 'percent' | Denotes the standard unit for the measure | percent |
| measures.measure_incept_date | date | NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00' | When this measure was conceived or first used in the wild. In most instances this date will represent the earliest data available in Values for this measure. | 2004-04-01 |
| measures.measure_expiry_date | date | NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00' | When this measure was retired or otherwise expired by the author. All zeroes implies no expiration. | 0000-00-00 |
| measures.nqf_endorsed | enum('0','1') | NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' | If the measure has been endorsed by NQF this field is set to '1' | 1 |
| measures.nqf_endorsed_date | date | NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00' | If the measure has been endorsed by NQF the endorsement date is captured here | 2003-09-01 |
| measures.numerator_definition | text | DEFAULT NULL | Primarily intended for contextual Web tooltip content, this definition clarifies the numerator. | Number of heart attack patients who received aspirin within 24 hours before or after arriving at hospital, calculated by multiplying the rate by the denominator. |
| measures.denominator_definition | text | DEFAULT NULL | Primarily intended for contextual Web tooltip content, this definition clarifies the denominator. | Number of heart attack patients who were eligible to receive aspirin within 24 hours before or after arriving at hospital. |
| measures.minimum_sample | int(11) | DEFAULT NULL | minimum sample for default analysis/interpretation of values | 30 |
| measures.created | timestamp | NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00' | Date of INSERT into Pellucid | 2009-10-11 12:42:23 |
| measures.modified | timestamp | NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00' ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | Date of most recent UPDATE into Pellucid | 2010-02-12 23:42:45 |
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