measures.measure_id
Measure_id is the primary key for the 'measures' table and one quarter of the primary key of the 'entity_values' table along with entity_id, entity_values.date_start and entity_values.date_end.
This key is used to link records in the 'entity_values' table to the particular measurement that the value represents.
It is also used to link the values to their footnotes via the 'footnote_values' table and to their measure group via the 'measure_group_measures' table.